RaspArch Build 181117 :: Run Arch Linux on your new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer :: Install using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher in Windows!

rasparch-logoThis version (181117) is my seventh build of RaspArch
The first version is from 150414. The second is from 151107. The third is from 160312 specially made for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. The fourth version is from 161205. The fifth version is from 171102. The sixth version is from 180402. This version (181117) is especially made for
the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, but it can of course also be used on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B.

RaspArch is a “remaster” of Arch Linux ARM. The original compressed system is of 231 MB. After I have added the LXDE Desktop environment, PulseAudio, Firefox, Yaourt and Gimp the system increased a lot. RaspArch is a “ready-to-go” ARM system. It must be installed on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, Raspberry Pi 3 Model B or Raspberry Pi 2 Model B computer.

Most important change in version 181117: Use Win32 Disk Imager
This version can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. Previous versions could only be installed when running a Linux system. Using Win32 Disk Imager has one disadvantage though. Only about 1GB can be used as data storage no matter which card you use. The system is of 3GB and the system partition of 4GB. If you use a card of 32GB about 28GB will be unused. Yesterday a member on this site wrote about how to get rid of the 1GB limit after Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher has been used:
– write the image with Win32 Disk Imager
– start up Ubuntu or another Linux system – you can also use a Linux Live CD/USB stick
– start GParted – screenshot before resizing
screenshot during resizing
– resize the DATA partition – screenshot after resizing
– done!
This screenshot shows that RaspArch now has about 25GB free storage.

Writing the image using Etcher. See the screenshot below.

UPGRADE RaspArch
If you have downloaded and installed one of my previous version of RaspArch before 180402 you can still use the Micro SD Card with RaspArch on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ after a full upgrade of the system. Commands: pacman -Sy followed by pacman -Syu. Most important the old kernel will automatically be replaced by kernel 4.14.80-1-ARCH.

NEWS in RaspArch Build 181117
A new kernel – 4.14.80-1-ARCH. All included packages have been updated to the latest version as of 181117. I have added support for Yaourt – a Pacman Fronted. I have also installed PulseAudio. Finally the sound works very well in RaspArch. Nice if you like YouTube. Note: To be able to install Yaourt I had to install a lot of development tools.

Compatibility :: December 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspArch. I have until now (181126) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

What is Raspberry Pi?
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
The Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was out on the market March 14, 2018. The Pi 3 Model B+ packs a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex A53 CPU made by Broadcom, dual-band 802.11ac wireless LAN support, Bluetooth 4.2 connectivity, and Gigabit Ethernet support over USB 2.0 connectivity (that’s up to 300Mbps).

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

More about RaspArch
When you have installed RaspArch to your Micro SD Card you can use the system like any other Arch Linux system. I.e. install new programs etc. Arch motto is KISS (Keep It Simple Stupid). RaspArch uses kernel 4.14.31-1-ARCH and the LXDE Desktop environment.

Login and passwords
After the boot process is ready you will end up at LightDM‘s login page – see the screenshot below. Log in as the ordinary user archpi with password raspberry or as root (“other”) with password root. While logged in as archpi you can use Sudo to become root. Example commands: sudo su and sudo pcmanfm.



Program Management in Arch Linux

Arch Linux uses a proprietary system called Pacman. It is similar to that found in CRUX Linux. Read about Pacman.
You can also read all the documentation on Arch Linux. Five commands are basically the only ones you need to use:
1) pacman -Sy (update the packages database)
2) pacman -Syu (upgrading the whole system)
3) pacman -S MyUsefulProgram (the package installation command)
4) pacman -R UnnecessaryProgram (uninstall a package).
5) pacman -S –overwrite MyUsefulProgram (in case you get an error about “conflicting packages”)
Very simple!
Note: You can also use Yaourt – see below.

Using Yaourt – a Pacman Frontend
Yaourt is also very simple to use. Yaourt is a command line interface program which complete pacman for installing software on Archlinux. You should normally use Pacman as described above. If, however, you want to install a special program which can’t be found using Pacman you can try Yaourt. The command is yaourt MyUsefulProgram. Normally you will get a lot of alternatives. Install the one you want. Watch this screenshot when I wanted to install Geany using Yaourt. In the first place I installed Yaourt to be able to install Google Chrome (only to learn that Google Chrome isn’t available for the ARM architecture). NOTE: To be able to use Yaourt you’ll have to log in to LXDE as the ordinary user archpi. (You can’t use Yaourt as root for security reasons).

How do I install RaspArch?
Use Win32 Disk Imager  or Etcher – see above. Unzip the downloaded file rasparch-exton-1160mb-181117.zip. You will get the image file rasparch-exton-4300mb-181117.img, which is the file you shall install to your micro SD card.

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 25 $ respectively 12 $ (in Sweden).

Wireless connections
Just change Wicd’s preferences and connect.

Installing Samba
A way to reach your Windows computers in your home network is to install Samba. Command: pacman -S samba gvfs gvfs-smb gamin sshfs
Then start Samba with the command systemctl start smbd nmbd
After that you can connect to your Windows computers via PCManFMwatch this screenshot. (My Raspberry Pi 3 Model B running RaspArch is connected to two of my computers in my home network).

Sound in RaspArch
In Build 181117 I’ve installed alsa-utils, PulseAudio and Pavucontrol. The sound works alright now. From Arch Linux for Raspberry Pi Wiki I learned this. If you want/need sound in RaspArch you should follow the instruction below.

Run the following command: amixer cset numid=3 X
Where X corresponds to:
0 for Auto
1 for Analog out
2 for HDMI

Add the following lines to /boot/config.txt

dtparam=audio=on

and

audio_pwm_mode=2 (if you use the 3.5mm analogue output)

WHO should run Arch Linux/RaspArch?
My answer: The system fits the “advanced” Linux user/enthusiast, who would be willing to run an occasional command from time to time.

BENEFITS of Arch Linux/RaspArch
“Cutting Edge”-software and speed. A member on this site recently wrote this about RaspArch: I’ve used Slackware, Debian, Gentoo, Ubuntu & Arch. I prefer Arch. Ubuntu is easier to install, Arch is easier to keep up to date. You do not go through big, painful, changes every year instead you just update, once in a while, make changes if instructed. Arch has most of the benefits of Gentoo without the pain of recompiling _everything_. When you do need to build a package in Arch its painless especially if you use one of the tools that support AUR (I like Yaourt). Arch avoids the politics of Debian and Ubuntu and delivers a great Linux distribution. RaspArch now brings these advantages to the Pi 2.

Study all installed packages in RaspArch

SCREENSHOTS
Screenshot 1 of RaspArch’s Desktop
– YouTube running
Screenshot 2 of RaspArch’s Desktop – Wicd running
Screenshot 3 – Yaourt running (while installing Geany)
Screenshot 4 of RaspArch’s Desktop – logged in as root

DOWNLOAD
This RaspArch build has been replaced by Build 190809 for the new Raspberry Pi 4 computer.

Android-x86 Custom

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Pie 9.0 (without GAPPS) and AndEX Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!

and about my Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Pie 9.0 (without GAPPS) and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspArch | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 3 Comments

RaspEX based on Ubuntu 18.10 with LXDE, kernel 4.14.76-v8+ (64 bit), Raspotify, RealVNC, PuTTy, Samba and Bluetooth – Build 181022

NEWS 181022
I’ve made an extra version of RaspEX LXDE. RaspEX Build 181022 uses a 64 bit kernel – 4.14.76-v8+. You can very easy switch back to the original 32 bit kernel (4.14.74-v7+) if you don’t find the 64 bit kernel useful. Since the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and B+ only have 1GB RAM it’s perhaps useless to run a 64 bit kernel, but who knows…

View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 181022

First things to do after installing RaspEX Build 181022
1. You won’t be automatically logged in to LXDE because the system is “full” (100 %). Log in to LXDE from Slim’s login page as root with password root.
2. Start up a terminal and run the command sh resize_rootfs.sh. Before that you can’t do anything because the system is full as this screenshot shows. After that all the space on the SD card will be used. Everything will be alright then.
3. Run the command dphys-swapfile setup
A SWAP file of 2 GB will be created. Then run the command dphys-swapfile swapon. Very useful if you want to run many programs at the same time.

When you have done step 1 – 3 you can use RaspEX Build 181022 in the same way as Build 181015. If you (for some reason) don’t like the 64 bit kernel (4.14.76-v8+) you can very easy change back to the original 32 bit kernel. Just edit /boot/config.txt to look like this (in relevant parts) and reboot your Raspberry Pi.

#####################################################
### 64 bit exton 181022
#device_tree=dtbs/4.14.76-v8+/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb
#overlay_prefix=dtbs/4.14.76-v8+/overlays/
#kernel=kernel8.img
### end exton

### 32 bit exton 181022
kernel=kernel7.img
# end exton
#####################################################

Another good thing is that Ubuntu 18.10 now has been released in a stable version. All packages in RaspEX Build 181022 are (of course) in latest version as of 181022.

READ MORE…

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Pie 9.0 (without GAPPS) and AndEX Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!

and about my Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Pie 9.0 (without GAPPS) and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspEX | Tagged , , , , , , | 9 Comments

RaspEX based on Ubuntu 18.10 with LXDE, kernel 4.14.74/4.14.76, Raspotify, RealVNC, PuTTy, Samba and Bluetooth – Build 181015/181022

NEWS 181022
I’ve made an extra version of RaspEX LXDE. RaspEX Build 181022 uses a 64 bit kernel – 4.14.76-v8+. You can very easy switch back to the original 32 bit kernel (4.14.74-v7+) if you don’t find the 64 bit kernel useful. Since the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and B+ only have 1GB RAM it’s perhaps useless to run a 64 bit kernel, but who knows…

View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 181022

First things to do after installing RaspEX Build 181022
1. You won’t be automatically logged in to LXDE because the system is “full” (100 %). Log in to LXDE from Slim’s login page as root with password root.
2. Start up a terminal and run the command sh resize_rootfs.sh. Before that you can’t do anything because the system is full as this screenshot shows. After that all the space on the SD card will be used. Everything will be alright then.
3. Run the command dphys-swapfile setup
A SWAP file of 2 GB will be created. Then run the command dphys-swapfile swapon. Very useful if you want to run many programs at the same time.

When you have done step 1 – 3 you can use RaspEX Build 181022 in the same way as Build 181015. If you (for some reason) don’t like the 64 bit kernel (4.14.76-v8+) you can very easy change back to the original 32 bit kernel. Just edit /boot/config.txt to look like this (in relevant parts) and reboot your Raspberry Pi.

#####################################################
### 64 bit exton 181022

#device_tree=dtbs/4.14.76-v8+/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb
#overlay_prefix=dtbs/4.14.76-v8+/overlays/
#kernel=kernel8.img
### end exton

### 32 bit exton 181022
kernel=kernel7.img
# end exton
###########################################

NEWS 181015 about RaspEX with LXDE based on (upcoming) Ubuntu 18.10
I have upgraded the whole system and replaced the old kernel 4.14.30-v7+ with kernel 4.14.74-v7+. RaspEX Build 181015 is a Linux ARM system for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, 3 Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2. It is based on Debian 9 Stretch, (upcoming) Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic Cuttlefish and Linaro (Open Source software for ARM SoCs). In this new version (181015) I’ve installed Wicd Network Manager. Both Firefox ESR and Chromium are pre-installed. I have also installed Samba and RealVNC so you can connect to your Windows computers in your Home Network and/or control RaspEX on your Raspberry Pi 3 or Pi 2 from your Windows computers with VNC Viewer and/or PuTTY (Telnet and SSH client). Furthermore some extra Network Tools, Midori Private Browser, SMTube (YouTube browser which allows to browse, search and play YouTube videos), PulseAudio for better sound in YouTube and RaspotifyRaspotify is a Spotify Connect client for Raspbian on the Raspberry Pi  that just works. Study all installed packages in RaspEX Build 181015.

Replacement
RaspEX LXDE Build 181022/181015 replaces Build 180328.

NEWS 181010 about the BunsenLabs version of RaspEX
I’ve made a new extra version of RaspEX with BunsenLabs Helium Desktop. BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktop. The project is a community continuation of CrunchBang Linux. The current release is Helium, derived from Debian 9 (Stretch). READ MORE…

NEWS 181015 about Firefox and RaspEX
As all of you who have downloaded RaspEX Build 180328 or 181010 may have noticed that YouTube doesn’t work very well in Chromium or Midori. Furthermore the newest versions of Firefox doesn’t work on a Raspberry Pi computer. The solution is to download and install Firefox 52.7.3 ESR. Unzip raspex-firefox.zip and install Firefox ESR with the command sudo dpkg -i libevent-2.1-6_2.1.8-stable-4_armhf.deb firefox-esr_52.7.3esr-1_armhf.deb. After that you can really enjoy YouTube in Firefox/RaspEX! Note: For some unknown reason the sound works better when logged in as root. Note also: In RaspEX LXDE Build 181015 I have preinstalled Firefox ESR.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 2? Raspberry Pi 3 is performing 10 times faster than that of the Pi 1 and around 50 percent better than that of the Pi 2 according to testers.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

Compatibility :: December 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspArch. I have until now (181126) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

Softpedia review
RaspEX version 181010 with BunsenLabs was reviewed by Softpedia 181010.

What is Raspberry Pi?
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
The Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was out on the market March 14, 2018. The Pi 3 Model B+ packs a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex A53 CPU made by Broadcom, dual-band 802.11ac wireless LAN support, Bluetooth 4.2 connectivity, and Gigabit Ethernet support over USB 2.0 connectivity (that’s up to 300Mbps).

More about RaspEX
RaspEX is a full Linux Desktop system with LXDE (an extremely fast-performing and energy-saving desktop environment) with many other useful programs pre-installed. Chromium and Firefox ESR are used as Web Browsers and Synaptic as Package Manager. You can use Samba and RealVNC to connect to your Windows computers in your Home Network and/or control RaspEX on your Raspberry Pi 3, Pi 3 Model B+ or Raspberry Pi 2 from your Windows computers with VNC Viewer and/or PuTTY (Telnet and SSH client). You can use Synaptic to install any extra packages you may need. For example LibreOffice. RaspEX uses Ubuntu’s software repositories so you can install thousands of extra packages if you want.

Kernel
Kernel 4.14.74-v7+ is used in Build 181015. Kernel 4.14.76-v8+ (64 bit) is used in Build 181022.

Why shall I use RaspEX?
Eight Operating Systems are recommended by Raspberrypi.org. Among them Noobs, Raspbian (Debian Stretch) and Snappy Ubuntu Core. RaspEX is faster (“fast as lightning”), more useful and more fun to use. (In my opinion). One member at this site thought that running RaspEX (for Raspberry Pi 2 Model B) was like running Raspberry Pi on “steroids“. If you use the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ RaspEX will run even faster!

How do I install RaspEX in Windows?

Just like any other Raspberry Pi system. I.e.: Unpack the downloaded ZIP file (raspex-ubuntu-18.10-lxde-1400mb-181015.zip) and transfer the IMAGE file (raspex-ubuntu-18.10-lxde-4400mb-181015.img) to your Micro SD card of at least 8GB. For that you shall use Etcher in Windows. When running it it will look like this.

How do I install RaspEX in Linux?
You can of course also install RaspEX in any Linux system using the dd command. Just open up at terminal and run the following command (as root):
dd if=raspex-ubuntu-18.10-lxde-4400mb-181015.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
Note:
Change /dev/sdX to for example /dev/sdc, /dev/sde or…
(Check it carefully before you run the above command so you won’t lose important data).

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 47 $ respectively 10 $ (in Sweden).

How do I use RaspEX?

When you start up your Raspberry Mini computer with RaspEX you will (after a few seconds) end up in X and LXDE as the ordinary user raspex. The password for raspex is raspex. When logged in as raspex you can use Sudo to become root. Example: sudo su and sudo pcmanfm. The password for root (superuser) is root. You can log out from LXDE and log in again as root (if you want). This is how it looks at SLiM‘s login page.

You can log in as root with password root. You can of course also create a new ordinary user if you want. Command: /usr/sbin/adduser MyNewUser. If you don’t want to be automatically logged in as raspex you shall edit /etc/slim.conf.

When logged in as the ordinary user raspex your Desktop will look like this.


Click to view a larger picture

First two things to do after installation to your SD card
1. Run the command sudo sh /root/resize_rootfs.sh
After that all the space on the SD card will be used.
2. Run the command sudo dphys-swapfile setup
A SWAP file of 2 GB will be created. Then run the command dphys-swapfile swapon Very useful if you want to run many programs at the same time.

Error no_pubkey when trying to upgrade the system
When you run the command sudo apt-get update it can happen that you can’t update the sources due to missing pub_keys.
The solution is to run the following commands.
$ cd /var/lib/apt
$ sudo mv lists lists.old
$ sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
$ sudo apt update

After that you can run apt-get update with success even though you still will get the same “no_pubkey” errors. Don’t worry. This error won’t prevent you from upgrading the system regularly with the command sudo apt upgrade.

Wireless connections
The new Raspberry Pi 3 and 3 Model B+ computer has “built in” 802.11n Wireless LAN. Using Raspberry Pi 2 you have to have a Wireless USB Adapter. The only one which works for Raspberry Pi 2 is Edimax EW-7811Un (as far as I know).

Expand the filesystem on the SD card
If you install many new big programs and/or download large files (for example videos) you may run out of space on the SD card. That is best fixed by running the following command: sudo sh /root/resize_rootfs.sh
NOTE: That’s all you have to do. Just wait for the script to fix everything. If you use a SD card of 64 GB all the space on it will be used afterwards.

How to use Raspotify
Raspotify (Raspotify is a Spotify Connect client for Raspbian on the Raspberry Pi
that just works) is pre-installed and immediately ready for connections. You’ll need a
Spotify Premium account in order to connect to for example your mobile phone running Spotify.
1. Screenshot of my mobile phone showing Devices available when RaspEX is running
2. Screenshot of my mobile phone showing the possibility to connect to Raspotify
3. Screenshot of my mobile phone when Raspotify is connected and running

About SSH, PuTTY, Samba, RealVNC and VNC Viewer
SSH, PuTTy (Telnet/SSH client for X), Samba and RealVNC are pre-installed in RaspEX Build 181015. You need to install PuTTy and and VNC Viewer in your Windows system if you want to connect to RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3/2 from Windows the way the below slideshow shows. (Please read the developers information about how to configure PuTTy and VNC Viewer).

Watch this slideshow re. connections between RaspEX and Windows.

Bluetooth connections – working in Build 181022/181015
It seems difficult (maybe impossible) to use the “built in” Bluetooth adapter running RaspEX on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B.
Using a Bluetooth dongle for example Asus USB-BT400 dongle on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 you should have no trouble using Bluetooth in RaspEX. Watch these two screenshots when Blueman (Graphical Bluetooth Manager) is running. Using the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ it should be easier to use Bluetooth.
1. Showing “paring” with my Android phone
2. Showing the sending process of a file from RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3 Model B to my Android phone

View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 181015
View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 181022

THE IMPORTANCE of RaspEX LXDE now being based on Ubuntu 18.10 (UNSTABLE/DEVELOPMENT)

I don’t think it is too important since RaspEX doesn’t use complicated Desktop Environments like KDE, Gnome or Unity. Programs won’t crash or anything like that. And I haven’t discovered any bugs to report. Besides Ubuntu 18.10 will be released 181018 in a stable version. The FinalFreeze was already 181011 though.

SCREENSHOTS
Screenshot 1 – root’s Desktop 181015
Screenshot 2 – raspex’s Desktop 181015
Screenshot 3 – RaspEX connected to Windows via Samba
Screenshot 4 – RaspEX connected to Windows via PuTTy
Screenshot 5 – RaspEX “running on” Windows with VNC-viewer
Screenshot 6 – RaspEX using Pavucontrol (for sound control)
Screenshot 7 – RaspEX running SMPlayer
Screenshot 8 – RaspEX running the Bluetooth Manager
Screenshot 9 – RaspEX running Raspotify
Screenshot 10 – Resizing system and creating SWAP space
Screenshot 11 – RaspEX Build 181022 running the the 64 bit kernel

DOWNLOAD
This version of RaspEX has been replaced by Build 190616.

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Oreo 8.1!

and about my Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Oreo 8.1!

READ also about my RaspEX Build 180331 (for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, Model B+ and 2 Model B) with OpenCPN pre-installed
OpenCPN is a free software (GPLv2) project to create a concise chart plotter and navigation software, for use underway or as a planning tool. OpenCPN is developed by a team of active sailors using real world conditions for program testing and refinement.

Compatibility :: October 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181015) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspEX | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

RaspEX Build 181010 especially made for the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ with the very fast BunsenLabs Helium Desktop

NEWS 181010 about RaspEX for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, 3 Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2
I’ve made a new extra version of RaspEX with BunsenLabs Helium Desktop. BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktop. The project is a community continuation of CrunchBang Linux. The current release is Helium, derived from Debian 9 (Stretch). My new RaspEX BunsenLabs Build is a Linux ARM system for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, 3 Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2. It is based on Debian 9 Stretch, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and Linaro (Open Source software for ARM SoCs). BunsenLabs Openbox Desktop is even faster than LXDE, which is used as Desktop environment in RaspEX Build 180328. In this new version (181010) I’ve installed Wicd Network Manager and replaced Firefox with the Chromium Web Browser and PulseAudio for better sound in YouTube. Study all installed packages in RaspEX BunsenLabs Build 181010.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 2? Raspberry Pi 3 is performing 10 times faster than that of the Pi 1 and around 50 percent better than that of the Pi 2 according to testers.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

Compatibility :: December 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspArch. I have until now (181126) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

Softpedia review
RaspEX BunsenLabs version 181010 was reviewed by Softpedia 181010.

What is Raspberry Pi?
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
The Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was out on the market March 14, 2018. The Pi 3 Model B+ packs a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex A53 CPU made by Broadcom, dual-band 802.11ac wireless LAN support, Bluetooth 4.2 connectivity, and Gigabit Ethernet support over USB 2.0 connectivity (that’s up to 300Mbps).

More about RaspEX
RaspEX is a full Linux Desktop system with BunsenLabs Helium Desktop. BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktop with many other useful programs pre-installed. Chromium is used as Web Browser and Synaptic as Package Manager. You can use Synaptic to install any extra packages you may need. For example LibreOffice. RaspEX uses Ubuntu’s software repositories so you can install thousands of extra packages if you want.

Kernel
Kernel 4.14.30-v7+ is used.

Why shall I use RaspEX?
Eight Operating Systems are recommended by Raspberrypi.org. Among them Noobs, Raspbian (Debian Stretch) and Snappy Ubuntu Core. RaspEX is faster (“fast as lightning”), more useful and more fun to use. (In my opinion). One member at this site thought that running RaspEX (for Raspberry Pi 2 Model B) was like running Raspberry Pi on “steroids“. If you use the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ it will be even faster! Especially if you run RaspEX Build 181010 with BunsenLabs and Openbox.

How do I install RaspEX in Windows?
Just like any other Raspberry Pi system. I.e.: Unpack the downloaded ZIP file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-lts-bl-1320mb-181010.zip) and transfer the IMAGE file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-lts-bl-4400mb-181010.img) to your Micro SD card of at least 8GB. For that you shall use Win32DiskImager in Windows. When running it it will look like this.

How do I install RaspEX in Linux?
You can of course also install RaspEX in any Linux system using the dd command. Just open up at terminal and run the following command (as root):
dd if=raspex-ubuntu-18.04-lts-bl-4400mb-181010.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
Note:
Change /dev/sdX to for example /dev/sdc, /dev/sde or…
(Check it carefully before you run the above command so you won’t lose important data).

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 47 $ respectively 10 $ (in Sweden).

How do I use RaspEX?

When you start up your Raspberry Mini computer with RaspEX you will (after a few seconds) end up in X and BunsenLabs Desktop as the ordinary user raspex. The password for raspex is raspex. When logged in as raspex you can use Sudo to become root. Example: sudo su and sudo thunar. The password for root (superuser) is root. You can log out from BunsenLabs and log in again as root (if you want). This is how it looks at SLiM‘s login page.

You can log in as root with password root. You can of course also create a new ordinary user if you want. Command: /usr/sbin/adduser MyNewUser. If you don’t want to be automatically logged in as raspex you shall edit /etc/slim.conf.

When logged in as the ordinary user raspex your Desktop will look like this.


Click to view a larger picture

Error no_pubkey when trying to upgrade the system
When you run the command sudo apt-get update it can happen that you can’t update the sources due to missing pub_keys.
The solution is to run the following commands.
$ cd /var/lib/apt
$ sudo mv lists lists.old
$ sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
$ sudo apt update

After that you can run apt-get update with success even though you still will get the same “no_pubkey” errors. Don’t worry. This error won’t prevent you from upgrading the system regularly with the command sudo apt upgrade.

About Firefox and RaspEX
Maybe you will notice that YouTube doesn’t work very well in Chromium. Furthermore the newest versions of Firefox doesn’t work on a Raspberry Pi computer. The solution is to download and install Firefox 52.7.3 ESR. Unzip raspex-firefox.zip and install Firefox ESR with the command sudo dpkg -i libevent-2.1-6_2.1.8-stable-4_armhf.deb firefox-esr_52.7.3esr-1_armhf.deb. After that you can really enjoy YouTube in Firefox/RaspEX! Note: You will also have a Web Browser when logged in as root. (You can’t run Chromium as root).

Wireless connections
The new Raspberry Pi 3 and 3 Model B+ computer has “built in” 802.11n Wireless LAN. Using Raspberry Pi 2 you have to have a Wireless USB Adapter. The only one which works for Raspberry Pi 2 is Edimax EW-7811Un (as far as I know).

Expand the filesystem on the SD card
If you install many new big programs and/or download large files (for example videos) you may run out of space on the SD card. That is best fixed by running the following command: sudo sh /root/resize_rootfs.sh
NOTE:
That’s all you have to do. Just wait for the script to fix everything. If you use a SD card of 64 GB all the space on it will be used afterwards.

Bluetooth connections – working in Build 181010 and 180328
It seems difficult (maybe impossible) to use the “built in” Bluetooth adapter running RaspEX on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B.
Using a Bluetooth dongle for example Asus USB-BT400 dongle on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 you should have no trouble using Bluetooth in RaspEX. Watch these two screenshots when Blueman (Graphical Bluetooth Manager) is running. Using the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ it should be easier to use Bluetooth.
1. Showing “paring” with my Android phone
2. Showing the sending process of a file from RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3 Model B to my Android phone

View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 181010

SCREENSHOTS

Screenshot 1 – root’s Desktop 181010

Screenshot 2 – raspex’s Desktop 181010

Screenshot 3 – RaspEX running YouTube

Screenshot 4 – RaspEX choosing wallpaper

DOWNLOAD – raspex-ubuntu-18.04-lts-bl-1320mb-181010.zip from SourceForge.net

md5sum

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Oreo 8.1!

and about my Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Oreo 8.1!

READ also about my RaspEX Build 180331 (for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, Model B+ and 2 Model B) with OpenCPN pre-installed
OpenCPN is a free software (GPLv2) project to create a concise chart plotter and navigation software, for use underway or as a planning tool. OpenCPN is developed by a team of active sailors using real world conditions for program testing and refinement.

Compatibility :: October 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181010) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Pie 9.0 (with GAPPS) and AndEX Oreo 8.1 (also with GAPPS)!
and
about my Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Pie 9.0 (without GAPPS) and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspEX | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 7 Comments

RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Model B+ – Build 180717 (two versions) – with Google Play Store, Aptoide TV and TeamViewer

NEWS 180717: My build of RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 is ready. It’s the first RaspAnd build with Android Oreo 8.1 and the first RaspAnd build to work on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. All installed apps (including Google Play Services and Google Play Store) have been updated to the latest available version by 180717. Read about all other included apps below. While downloading RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 you will also get RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529, which works much better than RaspAnd Oreo 8.1.

NEWS later 180717: I’ve also uploaded a mini version of RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. It has only the absolute necessary apps pre-installed. I. e. GAPPS (Google Play Services with Google Play Store) and a Browser – Via Browser (Fast and Light – Geeks Best Choice). Watch a screenshot showing all installed apps in the mini version of RaspAnd Oreo. The mini version of RaspAnd Oreo is somewhat faster than the “big” version. The advantage is also that you can install the apps you really need. REMEMBER: The fewer apps you have installed the faster RaspAnd will run.

RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 can be used with the official Raspberry Pi 7 inch touchscreen and Big TV Screens

Thanks to a member on this site who asked for support for the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen I started to experiment with different configurations. Success!

Experimental Build
Build 180717
of RaspAnd can be downloaded for free by those who have purchased RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529 (and previous versions of RaspAnd 7.1.2). That’s because RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 can be considered as “experimental”. It doesn’t work as good as RaspAnd Nougat. Fewer monitors/TV screens can be used and the performance is slower. You must be aware of the fact that the Raspberry Pi 3 computer has its limitations and that Android Oreo 8.1 is a very advanced Linux system. Even though the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ can be used when running RaspAnd Oreo this small computer isn’t “strong” enough to run Android Oreo without performance problems.

NEWS 180717 ABOUT RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 with Google Play Store (and everything else!) working
RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 has GAPPS installed and Google Play Store working. You can use TeamViewer to control other computers from your Rpi3. RaspAnd can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. Your Wifi connection is stable and it will reconnect after every reboot of your Rpi3.

Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure. It’s for RaspAnd Nougat, but it works in the same way while running RaspAnd Oreo.

While downloading RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 you will also get RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529, which works much better than RaspAnd Oreo 8.1.

MORE NEWS 180717 ABOUT RaspAnd Oreo 8.1
RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 with GAPPS can be installed to a Micro SD card (preferable a class 10 card) in Windows 10 using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. You can alternatively (of course) use the dd-command in a Linux system. Unzip the downloaded file raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-578mb-180717.zip. Then open a terminal and run the command dd if=raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-4300mb-180717.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
(Change X to b, d or…).

What’s the point with Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher?
Well, until recently you had to have some basic knowledge about Linux to be able to install RaspAnd. Now you don’t need any special knowledge at all! (Just some basic computer knowledge). When you use Etcher it will look like this.

Using GParted to increase the data partition
As I said above RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717 can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. This method has one disadvantage. Only about about 3GB can be used as data storage no matter which card you use. Now say, for example, that you use Micro SD card (preferable a class 10 card) of 32GB about 26GB will be “wasted”. You can, however, change that with the help of GParted. See below how to do it.

How to get rid of the 3GB limit after Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher has been used:
– write the image with Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher
– start up Ubuntu or another Linux system – you can also use a Linux Live CD/USB stick
– start GParted – screenshot before resizing
– resize the DATA partition – screenshot after resizing
– done!

MORE ABOUT RaspAnd Oreo
RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 is an Android 8.1 Oreo system which can run on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Model B+. I have included the following apps.
1) GAPPS (Google Play Services with Google Play Store) in latest versions.
2) Spotify is not installed. Install version 4.6 via Google Play Store. It works very well!
3) Google Play Games (needed for for example Clash of Clans to run)
4) TeamViewer  – control other computers from your Rpi3!
5) Via Browser
6) Firefox
7) CM Browser
8) Aptoide TV  (for installing new apps which can’t be found on Google Play Store – many many apps can be installed!)
9) ES File Explorer 4.1.7.2 working very well
10) AIDA64
11) Termux 0.60 – a very special terminal. (Use the APT package manager!)
12) Quick Reboot Pro 1.8.4
13) YouTube – unfortunately not all videos will run or they will run with bad video or sound quality (especially if you use the whole screen)

ABOUT Android 8.1
Version 8.1 is the latest Android system by now. Released on December 5, 2017.

What is Raspberry Pi?

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ made in March 2018. It has a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core processor, dual-band wireless LAN, Bluetooth 4.2/BLE, faster Ethernet, and Power-over-Ethernet support (with separate PoE HAT). Read more…

About running RaspAnd 8.1 Build 180717 on Raspberry Pi 2
You can run RaspAnd 8.1 also on a Raspberry Pi 2 computer, but the system will be awfully slow. The Raspberry Pi 3 is much faster. Overview of the differences…

My sources
My work/build is the outcome of the Community Open Source Project, the LineageOS project and the Github project (Lineage-rpi).

Kernel
Kernel 4.14.54-exton-v7+ is used in RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717.

Wifi support
The newer versions of RaspAnd has excellent support for Wifi (on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Model B+). Previous problems with the Wifi connection are gone. I.e. the Wifi connection will automatically be re-established after every reboot. Thanks to Lineage and Google.

How do I install RaspAnd in Linux

Use the dd-command. Unzip the downloaded file raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-578mb-180717.zip. Then open a terminal and run the command dd if=raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-4300mb-180717.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
(Change X to b, d or…).

Win32 Disk Imager
– RaspAnd 8.1 Build 180717

RaspAnd 8.1 version 180717 can be installed in Windows Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher – see above.

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 47 $ respectively 10 $ (in Sweden).

Different boot parameters in boot/config.txt
As you can see there is a file called config.txt in the folder boot. Check out this overview explaining the different parameters in config.txt. Some changes to config.txt could (possibly) help if you have screen problems.

Startup of RaspAnd Oreo
The first thing you will see on the screen is the Oreo Boot Animation. If you do not see that nice animation you haven’t installed RaspAnd correctly on the SD card. Try again and do EXACTLY as I write above. After about five minutes (the first time you startup RaspAnd) you will see the Welcome first screen. Watch a Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure and what you should do after you’ve seen the first screen. NOTE: When you see the first screen, you’ll have a chance to copy everything from your Android mobile phone to Rpi3/RaspAnd. I.e. choose the alternative Copy your data instead of Set up as new. If you do that you must be very patient. The whole process will take some time and you should also reboot your Rpi3 a couple of times. Be aware of the fact that installing/running many apps in RaspAnd will slow down the system considerably. You can, however, uninstall apps which you don’t need or apps which doesn’t run in RaspAnd. Watch a screenshot of RaspAnd’s Desktop when I have copied everything from my mobile phone to RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2.

Navigation in RaspAnd Oreo
Normally you use the Esc key to get back or end an app running. To end some apps you may have to use the Ctrl Alt F1 or F2 keys simultaneously. Note 1: You’ll also have a Back and Home key. Note 2: You can also use the Quick Reboot Pro app (so you can reboot and power off your Rpi3 without using the power switch – screenshot). Go to Settings/Developer options and enable Root access. To be able to do that you’ll have to enable Developer options first. Go to Settings/About table and click on “Build number” about six times. Note: Quick Reboot Pro is pre-installed in Build 180717.

Sound settings
The sound is generally good while running RaspAnd Oreo. Go to Settings >> Sound and change the Media volume – screenshot.

Change the system language
You can change the default English language to your preferred language. Just open Settings and go to Languages & input. See an example below, when I’m changing to French.
1. Choose your language
2. I’ve changed to French
3. The keyboard changes automatically to French layout
4. Everything in Settings (and everywhere else) will be in French
5. Also Google Play Store!

Bluetooth and TeamViewer

Bluetooth does not work in RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717. As an alternative you can use the TeamViewer app, which is pre-installed. Screenshot when the TeamViewer app is running on my Rpi3 and controlling my PC.

Video & TV cast
You can use your Rpi3 with RaspAnd Build 180717 for Video & TV cast. You can find a lot of apps to download for this purpose – screenshot 1, screenshot 2. You can test download them via Google Play Store and keep the one which suits you and your TV. I used an app called PlayTo Samsung TV – screenshot.

Spotify
Spotify works very well in RaspAnd Oreo. Just log in and play your favorite music! Install version 4.6 via Google Play Store. It can look like this.

Compatibility :: December 2018

Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspArch. I have until now (181126) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

NOTE/WARNING – 1
Running Android Oreo 8.1 on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and/or Model B+ can sometimes be perceived as a bit sluggish. If you find it so, I recommend that you restart the system a couple of times, then everything will run faster! I.e. not really superfast, but faster. For better performance you shall uninstall apps you don’t want/need.

SCREENSHOTS
RaspAnd Oreo’s boot animation
Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure (for RaspAnd Nougat, but…)
Screenshot 2 – RaspAnd’s Desktop
Screenshot 3 – showing all installed apps
Screenshot 4 – Google Play Store running
Screenshot 5 – Spotify running
Screenshot 6 – TeamViewer running and controlling my PC
Screenshot 7 – Developer options
Screenshot 8 – Quick Reboot Pro running
Screenshot 9 – showing all installed apps and extra apps
Screenshot 10 – AIDA64 running
Screenshot 11 – YouTube running with perfect video and sound quality – the small picture/video down to the right

KNOWN ISSUES re. RaspAnd Build 180717
1. Not all apps will run in RaspAnd Oreo. You can for example run the popular (?) Clash of Clans very well, but not Angry Birds. Many many apps will run without problems though.
2. You can’t run Netflix.
3. Bluetooth doesn’t work.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q: I can’t find developer options, why?
A: Settings -> About phone -> Click ‘Build number’ several times.

Q: I don’t have reboot options in power menu, why?
A: Settings -> Developer options -> Advanced restart.

Q: I have no root, why?
A: You need enable root access under Settings -> Developer options -> Root access. You can then also become root when running the terminal (Termux) – screenshot.

Q: Raspberry Pi doesn’t have power button, how do I power off/reboot my device?
A: You can also use one of many third party reboot applications. Note: Quick Reboot Pro is pre-installed in Build 180717 – screenshot.

NOTE/WARNING – 2
PLEASE NOTE that you must be aware of the fact that the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Model B+ computer has its limitations and that Android Oreo 8.1 is a very advanced Linux system. Having said that I must also say that the apps I have included in this Build (see above) work very well. Most important changes in Build 180717: Your Wifi connection will be stable and you can use Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. NOTE also: RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717 is (almost) perfect in every aspect considering that the Rpi 3 computer has its limitations. Nevertheless this build must be considered as “experimental” since it runs much slower than RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529. You will therefore get three builds (RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Mini and RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2) for $ 9. Running RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717 you can use the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen and very Big TV screens.

DOWNLOAD
1) raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-578mb-180717.zip
2) raspand-oreo.8.1-mini-lineage-gapps-578mb-180717.zip
and
3) raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-608mb-180529.zip for 9 $ – (I.e. all three systems for 9 $)

md5sum for RaspAnd Oreo Build 180717

md5sum for RaspAnd Oreo Mini Build 180717

md5sum for RaspAnd Nougat Build 180529

Android is a trademark of Google Inc.
Raspberry Pi is a trademark of Raspberry Pi Foundation

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – 10, Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at
andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX 10 (with GAPPS) and AndEX Pie 9.0 (also with GAPPS)!
and

about my Android 11, 10, Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se
– latest is RaspAnd 11 (without GAPPS) and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!
Posted in Android, Exton Linux, Linux, RaspAnd | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 61 Comments

RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B (not B+) – Build 180529 – with Google Play Store, Kodi 18.0-ALPHA2, Aptoide TV, Bluetooth and TeamViewer working very well

NEWS 180717: My build of RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 is ready. It’s the first RaspAnd build with Android Oreo 8.1 and the first RaspAnd build to work on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. All installed apps (including Google Play Services and Google Play Store) have been updated to the latest available version by 180717. Read about all other included apps below. While downloading RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 you will also get RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529, which works much better than RaspAnd Oreo 8.1.

NEWS later 180717: I’ve also uploaded a mini version of RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. It has only the absolute necessary apps pre-installed. I. e. GAPPS (Google Play Services with Google Play Store) and a Browser – Via Browser (Fast and Light – Geeks Best Choice). Watch a screenshot showing all installed apps in the mini version of RaspAnd Oreo. The mini version of RaspAnd Oreo is somewhat faster than the “big” version. The advantage is also that you can install the apps you really need. REMEMBER: The fewer apps you have installed the faster RaspAnd will run.

NEWS 180529: A new version of RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 is ready. It is basically an update of RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 171220. All installed apps (including Google Play Services and Google Play Store) have been updated to the latest available version by 180529. Kodi has been updated from 17.6 to 18.0-ALPHA2 Leia – released 180421. The screen flickering which could occur when running Kodi 17.6 is now (almost) gone. Read about all other included apps below.

RaspAnd 7.1.2 Build 180529 can be used with the official Raspberry Pi 7 inch touchscreen and Big TV Screens

Thanks to a member on this site who asked for support for the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen I started to experiment with different configurations. Success!

Need to update?
Build 180529
of RaspAnd can be downloaded by those who have purchased Build 171220 (and previous versions of RaspAnd 7.1.2). No need to reinstall RaspAnd if you have Build 171220 up and running. I.e. all GAPPS will be updated automatically via Google Play Store all the time.

NEWS 180529 ABOUT RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 with Google Play Store (and everything else!) working
RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529 has GAPPS installed and Google Play Store working. Bluetooth works and you can use TeamViewer to control other computers from your Rpi3. RaspAnd can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. The video performance is generally much better than in previous versions. Your Wifi connection is stable and it will reconnect after every reboot of your Rpi3.

Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure…

Download RaspAnd Build 180529…

MORE NEWS 180529 ABOUT RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2
RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 with GAPPS can be installed to a Micro SD card (preferable a class 10 card) in Windows 10 using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. You can alternatively (of course) use the dd-command in a Linux system. Unzip the downloaded file raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-608mb-180529.zip. Then open a terminal and run the command dd if=raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-4300mb-180529.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
(Change X to b, d or…).

What’s the point with Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher?
Well, until recently you had to have some basic knowledge about Linux to be able to install RaspAnd 7.1.2. Now you don’t need any special knowledge at all! (Just some basic computer knowledge). When you use Etcher it will look like this.

Using GParted to increase the data partition
As I said above RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529 can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher. This method has one disadvantage. Only about about 3GB can be used as data storage no matter which card you use. Now say, for example, that you use Micro SD card (preferable a class 10 card) of 32GB about 26GB will be “wasted”. You can, however, change that with the help of GParted. See below how to do it.

How to get rid of the 3GB limit after Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher has been used:
– write the image with Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher
– start up Ubuntu or another Linux system – you can also use a Linux Live CD/USB stick
– start GParted – screenshot before resizing
– resize the DATA partition – screenshot after resizing
– done!

MORE ABOUT RaspAnd
RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529 is an Android 7.1.2 Nougat system which can run on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. RaspAnd can not yet run on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. I have included the following apps.
1) GAPPS (Google Play Services with Google Play Store in latest versions. (12.6.85 and 10.1.08-all) – released 180526
2) Kodi 18.0-ALPHA2 (latest version which allows users to play and view most videos, music, podcasts, and other digital media files from local and network storage media and the Internet. YouTube is enabled and working very well!)
3) Spotify is not installed. Install version 4.6 via Google Play Store. It works very well!
4) Google Play Games (needed for for example Clash of Clans to run)
5) TeamViewer 13.1.8817 – control other computers from your Rpi3!
6) Jelly Browser 7.1.2 – use it to watch YouTube etc.
7) Aptoide TV 4.0.2 (for installing new apps which can’t be found on Google Play Store – many many apps can be installed!) – released 180505
8) ES File Explorer 4.1.7.2 working very well
9) Chess 2.4.0
10) AIDA64 1.51
11) Termux 0.60 – a very special terminal. (Use the APT package manager!)
12) Quick Reboot Pro 1.8.4

ABOUT Android 7.1.2
Version 7.1.2 is the second latest Android system by now. Released on April 8, 2017.

What is Raspberry Pi?

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. Read more…

About running RaspAnd 7.1.2 Build 180529 on Raspberry Pi 2
You can run RaspAnd 7.1.2 also on a Raspberry Pi 2 computer, but the system will be awfully slow. The Raspberry Pi 3 is much faster. Overview of the differences…

My sources
My work/build is the outcome of the Community Open Source Project, the LineageOS project and the Github project (Lineage-rpi).

ABOUT KODI
Kodi (an award-winning free and open source (GPL) software media center for playing videos, music, pictures, games, and more) works very well in RaspAnd. You can enable a lot of Addons. Most important is that the YouTube Addon is enabled by default and that it works very well. I.e. both the sound and the video performance when running YouTube in Kodi is satisfying. Here’s a link to the best Kodi addons! You can also read a more informative article about Kodi in general.

Kernel
Kernel 4.4.104-exton-v7+ is used in RaspAnd Nougat Build 180529.

Wifi support
The new versions of RaspAnd has support for Wifi (on Raspberry Pi 3). RaspAnd 7.1.2 runs very well on the new Raspberry Pi 3 computer. Previous problems with the Wifi connection are gone in RaspAnd Build 180529. I.e. the Wifi connection will automatically be re-established after every reboot. Thanks to Lineage and Google.

How do I install RaspAnd in Linux

Use the dd-command. Unzip the downloaded file raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-608mb-180529.zip. Then open a terminal and run the command dd if=raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-4300mb-180529.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
(Change X to b, d or…).

Win32 Disk Imager
– RaspAnd 7.1.2 Build 180529

RaspAnd 7.1.2 version 180529 can be installed in Windows Win32 Disk Imager or Etcher – see above.

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 47 $ respectively 10 $ (in Sweden).

Different boot parameters in boot/config.txt
As you can see there is a file called config.txt in the folder boot. Check out this overview explaining the different parameters in config.txt. Some changes to config.txt could (possibly) help if you have screen problems (which I don’t think you will have when running RaspAnd Nougat Build 180529).

Startup of RaspAnd Nougat
The first thing you will see on the screen is the Nougat Boot Animation. If you do not see this colorful ring you haven’t installed RaspAnd correctly on the SD card. Try again and do EXACTLY as I write above. After about five minutes (the first time you startup RaspAnd) you will see the Welcome first screen. Watch a Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure and what you should do after you’ve seen the first screen. NOTE: When you see the first screen, you’ll have a chance to copy everything from your Android mobile phone to Rpi3/RaspAnd. I.e. choose the alternative Copy your data instead of Set up as new. If you do that you must be very patient. The whole process will take some time and you should also reboot your Rpi3 a couple of times. Be aware of the fact that installing/running many apps in RaspAnd will slow down the system considerably. You can, however, uninstall apps which you don’t need or apps which doesn’t run in RaspAnd. Watch a screenshot of RaspAnd’s Desktop when I have copied everything from my mobile phone to RaspAnd.

Navigation in RaspAnd Nougat
Normally you use the Esc key to get back or end an app running. To end some apps you may have to use the Ctrl Alt F1 or F2 keys simultaneously. Note 1: You’ll also have a Back and Home key. Note 2: You can also use the Quick Reboot Pro app (so you can reboot and power off your Rpi3 without using the power switch – screenshot). Go to Settings/Developer options and enable Root access. To be able to do that you’ll have to enable Developer options first. Go to Settings/About table and click on “Build number” about six times. Note: Quick Reboot Pro is pre-installed in Build 180529.

Change the system language
You can change the default English language to your preferred language. Just open Settings and go to Languages & input. See an example below, when I’m changing to French.
1. Choose your language
2. I’ve changed to French
3. The keyboard changes automatically to French layout
4. Everything in Settings (and everywhere else) will be in French
5. Also Google Play Store!

Bluetooth and TeamViewer

Bluetooth works in RaspAnd Build 180529. As an alternative you can use the TeamViewer app, which is pre-installed. Screenshot when the TeamViewer app is running on my Rpi3 and controlling my PC.

Video & TV cast
You can use your Rpi3 with RaspAnd Build 180529 for Video & TV cast. You can find a lot of apps to download for this purpose – screenshot 1, screenshot 2. You can test download them via Google Play Store and keep the one which suits you and your TV. I used an app called PlayTo Samsung TV – screenshot.

Clash of Clans and other popular games
Clash of Clans (a very popular epic strategy game) works very very well. Perfect video quality and audio. Many other games will run. Install and test them!

Spotify
Spotify works very well in RaspAnd Nougat. Just log in and play your favorite music! Install version 4.6 via Google Play Store.

NOTE/WARNING – 1
Running Android Nougat on a Raspberry Pi 3 can sometimes be perceived as a bit sluggish. If you find it so, I recommend that you restart the system a couple of times, then everything will run faster! I.e. not really superfast, but faster.

Compatibility :: December 2018

Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspArch. I have until now (181126) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch, EXTON OpSuS Rpi, FedEX Rpi3 and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

SCREENSHOTS
Slideshow – showing RaspAnd’s boot procedure
Screenshot 2 – RaspAnd’s Desktop
Screenshot 3 – Google Play Store running
Screenshot 4 – Spotify running
Screenshot 5 – YouTube running in Jelly Browser with perfect video quality
Screenshot 6 – Aptoide TV running
Screenshot 7 – TeamViewer running and controlling my PC
Screenshot 8 – Kodi running
Screenshot 9 – Rpi3 connected to mobile phone by Bluetooth
Screenshot 10 – Developer options
Screenshot 11 – The Desktop when the Raspberry Pi official 7″ touchscreen is used (RaspAnd Build 171220)
Screenshot 12 – Running YouTube in the Jelly Browser when the touchscreen is used (RaspAnd Build 171220)
Screenshot 13 – The Desktop when a Samsung 55″ TV is used as monitor (RaspAnd Build 171220)

KNOWN ISSUES re. RaspAnd Build 180529
1. The screen can flicker sometimes on certain monitors when running Kodi 18.0. (The flickering is minimal though).
2. You can’t use the YouTube app. You will have perfect sound, but no video. Watch YouTube videos in Kodi 18.0 instead. The very best alternative is to use the Jelly Browser. Perfect video quality (if you don’t use the whole screen).
3. Not all apps will run in RaspAnd Nougat. You can for example run the popular (?) Clash of Clans very well, but not Angry Birds. Many many apps will run without problems though.
4. You can’t run Netflix.
5. RaspAnd can not yet run on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+.

NOTE/WARNING – 2
PLEASE NOTE that you must be aware of the fact that the Raspberry Pi 3 computer has its limitations and that Android 7.1.2 is a very advanced Linux system. Having said that I must also say that the apps I have included in this Build (see above) work very well. Most important changes in Build 180529: Your Wifi connection will be stable and Bluetooth works for the very first time in my RaspAnd 7.1.2 builds. The video performance in Kodi 18.0 is better than in version 17.6. NOTE also: Build 180529 is (almost) perfect in every aspect considering that the Rpi3 computer has its limitations. Running RaspAnd Build 180529 you can use the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen and very Big TV screens.

Two RaspAnd systems
While downloading RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 Build 180717 you will also get RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2 Build 180529, which works much better than RaspAnd Oreo 8.1.

DOWNLOAD
raspand-nougat-7.1.2-lineage-gapps-aptoide-tv-kodi-608mb-180529.zip

and
raspand-oreo.8.1-lineage-gapps-578mb-180717.zip for 9 $

I.e. both builds for 9 $

md5sum for RaspAnd Build 180529
md5sum for RaspAnd Build 180717

Android is a trademark of Google Inc.
Raspberry Pi is a trademark of Raspberry Pi Foundation

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – 10, Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at
andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX 10 (with GAPPS) and AndEX Pie 9.0 (also with GAPPS)!
and

about my Android 11, 10, Pie, Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se
– latest is RaspAnd 11 (without GAPPS) and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 (with GAPPS)!
Posted in Android, Exton Linux, Linux, RaspAnd | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 48 Comments

RaspArch Build 180402 :: Run Arch Linux on your new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer :: Install using Win32 Disk Imager in Windows!

rasparch-logoThis version (180402) is my sixth build of RaspArch
The first version is from 150414. The second is from 151107. The third is from 160312 specially made for  Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. The fourth version is from 161205. The fifth version is from 171102. This version (180402) is especially made for
the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, but it can of course also be used on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B.

RaspArch is a “remaster” of Arch Linux ARM. The original compressed system is of 231 MB. After I have added the LXDE Desktop environment, PulseAudio, Firefox, Yaourt and Gimp the system increased a lot. RaspArch is a “ready-to-go” ARM system. It must be installed on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, Raspberry Pi 3 Model B or Raspberry Pi 2 Model B computer.

Most important change in version 180402: Use Win32 Disk Imager
This version can be installed in Windows using Win32 Disk Imager. Previous versions could only be installed when running a Linux system. Using Win32 Disk Imager has one disadvantage though. Only about 1GB can be used as data storage no matter which card you use. The system is of 3GB and the system partition of 4GB. If you use a card of 32GB about 28GB will be unused. Yesterday a member on this site wrote about how to get rid of the 1GB limit after Win32 Disk Imager has been used:
– write the image with Win32 Disk Imager
– start up Ubuntu or another Linux system – you can also use a Linux Live CD/USB stick
– start GParted – screenshot before resizing
– resize the DATA partition – screenshot after resizing
– done!
This screenshot shows that RaspArch now has about 25GB free storage.

Writing the image using Win32 Disk Imager. See the screenshot below.

UPGRADE RaspArch
If you have downloaded and installed my previous version of RaspArch from 171102 you can still use the Micro SD Card with RaspArch on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ after a full upgrade of the system. Commands: pacman -Sy followed by pacman -Syu. Most important the old kernel will automatically be replaced by kernel 4.14.31-1-ARCH.

NEWS in RaspArch Build 180402
A new kernel – 4.14.31-1-ARCH. All included packages have been updated to the latest version as of 180402. I have added support for Yaourt – a Pacman Fronted. I have also installed PulseAudio. Finally the sound works very well in RaspArch. Nice if you like YouTube. Note: To be able to install Yaourt I had to install a lot of development tools.

Compatibility :: October 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181010) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

What is Raspberry Pi?
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
The Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was out on the market March 14, 2018. The Pi 3 Model B+ packs a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex A53 CPU made by Broadcom, dual-band 802.11ac wireless LAN support, Bluetooth 4.2 connectivity, and Gigabit Ethernet support over USB 2.0 connectivity (that’s up to 300Mbps).

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

More about RaspArch
When you have installed RaspArch to your Micro SD Card you can use the system like any other Arch Linux system. I.e. install new programs etc. Arch motto is KISS (Keep It Simple Stupid). RaspArch uses kernel 4.14.31-1-ARCH and the LXDE Desktop environment.

Login and passwords
Login as root with password root. Run the command startx to enter the LXDE Desktop.

Program Management in Arch Linux
Arch Linux uses a proprietary system called Pacman. It is similar to that found in CRUX Linux. Read about Pacman.
You can also read all the documentation on Arch Linux. Four commands are basically the only ones you need to use:
1) pacman -Sy (update the packages database)
2) pacman -Syu (upgrading the whole system)
3) pacman -S MyUsefulProgram (the package installation command)
4) pacman -R UnnecessaryProgram (uninstall a package).
Very simple!
Note: You can also use Yaourt – see below.

Using Yaourt – a Pacman Frontend
Yaourt is also very simple to use. Yaourt is a command line interface program which complete pacman for installing software on Archlinux. You should normally use Pacman as described above. If, however, you want to install a special program which can’t be found using Pacman you can try Yaourt. The command is yaourt MySpecialProgram. Normally you will get a lot of alternatives. Install the one you want. Watch this screenshot when I wanted to install Geany using Yaourt. In the first place I installed Yaourt to be able to install Google Chrome (only to learn that Google Chrome isn’t available for the ARM architecture). NOTE: To be able to use Yaourt you’ll have to create a new ordinary user. (You can’t use Yaourt as root for security reasons).

How do I install RaspArch?
Use Win32 Disk Imager – see above. Unzip the downloaded file rasparch-exton-1680mb-180402.zip. You will get the image file rasparch-exton-4300mb-180402.img, which is the file you shall install to your micro SD card.

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 25 $ respectively 12 $ (in Sweden).

Wireless connections
Just change Wicd’s preferences and connect.

Installing Samba
A way to reach your Windows computers in your home network is to install Samba. Command: pacman -S samba gvfs gvfs-smb gamin sshfs
Then start Samba with the command systemctl start smbd nmbd
After that you can connect to your Windows computers via PCManFMwatch this screenshot. (My Raspberry Pi 3 Model B running RaspArch is connected to two of my computers in my home network).

Sound in RaspArch
In Build 180402 I’ve installed alsa-utils, PulseAudio and Pavucontrol. The sound works alright now. From Arch Linux for Raspberry Pi Wiki I learned this. If you want/need sound in RaspArch you should follow the instruction below.

Run the following command: amixer cset numid=3 X
Where X corresponds to:
0 for Auto
1 for Analog out
2 for HDMI

Add the following lines to /boot/config.txt

dtparam=audio=on

and

audio_pwm_mode=2 (if you use the 3.5mm analogue output)

WHO should run Arch Linux/RaspArch?
My answer: The system fits the “advanced” Linux user/enthusiast, who would be willing to run an occasional command from time to time.

BENEFITS of Arch Linux/RaspArch
“Cutting Edge”-software and speed. A member on this site recently wrote this about RaspArch: I’ve used Slackware, Debian, Gentoo, Ubuntu & Arch. I prefer Arch. Ubuntu is easier to install, Arch is easier to keep up to date. You do not go through big, painful, changes every year instead you just update, once in a while, make changes if instructed. Arch has most of the benefits of Gentoo without the pain of recompiling _everything_. When you do need to build a package in Arch its painless especially if you use one of the tools that support AUR (I like Yaourt). Arch avoids the politics of Debian and Ubuntu and delivers a great Linux distribution. RaspArch now brings these advantages to the Pi 2.

Study all installed packages in RaspArch

SCREENSHOTS
Screenshot 1 of RaspArch’s Desktop
– YouTube running
Screenshot 2 of RaspArch’s Desktop – Wicd running
Screenshot 3 – Yaourt running (while installing Geany)

DOWNLOAD
This version has been replaced by Build 181117.

Android-x86 Custom

android-logo
Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at
andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Oreo 8.1!

and about my Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Oreo 8.1!

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspArch | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , | 9 Comments

RaspEX especially for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ – based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS – with OpenCPN 4.99.0 pre-installed ::: Build 180331

raspex-16.04-opencpn-4.4.0-touchscreen-20160702-smallRaspEX – Build 180331 based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS – with OpenCPN 4.99.0 (latest version) – especially made for the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, but it can of course also be used on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B.

OpenCPN is a free software (GPLv2) project to create a concise chart plotter and navigation software, for use underway or as a planning tool. OpenCPN is developed by a team of active sailors using real world conditions for program testing and refinement.

Replacement
This build (180331) replaces build 160703. Ubuntu has been upgraded to version 18.04 LTS and OpenCPN to version 4.99.0 – latest. Build 180331 is made especially for the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, but can of course also be used on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B.

The Desktop environment LXDE is used. The “Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment” is an extremely fast-performing and energy-saving desktop environment. LXDE uses less CPU and less RAM than other environments. It is especially designed for cloud computers with low hardware specifications, such as netbooks, mobile devices (e.g. MIDs) or older computers.

ABOUT RaspEX Build 180331
RaspEX is a Linux ARM system for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, Model B+ and Pi 2 model B. It is based on Debian Stretch (Debian 9), Bionic Beaver (Ubuntu 18.04 LTS) and Linaro (Open Source software for ARM SoCs). In this new version (180331) I’ve installed OpenCPN 4.99.0 from source. (You can’t yet find OpenCPN 4.99.0 in any software repositories).

Read this OpenCPN Review….

How do I install RaspEX with OpenCPN?
Just like any other Raspberry Pi system. I.e.: Unpack the downloaded ZIP file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-opencpn-lxde-1430mb-180331.zip) and transfer the IMAGE file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-opencpn-lxde-4400mb-180331.img) to your Micro SD card of at least 8GB. For that you shall use Win32DiskImager in Windows. When running it it will look like this.



Watch a YouTube video that shows the performance of OpenCPN on a Raspberry Pi…
NOTE
: Please don’t ask me technical questions about how to use OpenCPN. I’m no expert on OpenCPN. You can search the Internet for answers. There is a lot written about OpenCPN and Raspberry Pi. The Cruisers Forum (World Cruising and Sailing Wiki) is a good starting point.

Kernel

Kernel 4.14.30-v7 is used.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

How do I use RaspEX?
When you start up your Raspberry Pi Mini computer with RaspEX you will (after a few seconds) end up in X and LXDE as the ordinary user raspex. The password for raspex is raspex. When logged in as raspex you can use Sudo to become root. Example: sudo su and sudo pcmanfm. The password for root (superuser) is root. You can log out from LXDE and log in again as root (if you want). This is how it looks at SLiM‘s login page.

You can log in as root with password root. You can of course also create a new ordinary user if you want. Command: sudo /usr/sbin/adduser MyNewUser. If you don’t want to be automatically logged in as raspex you shall edit /etc/slim.conf.

Wireless connections
The new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Model B+ computer has “built in” 802.11n Wireless LAN. Using Raspberry Pi 2 you have to have a Wireless USB Adapter. The only one which works for Raspberry Pi 2 is Edimax EW-7811Un (as far as I know).

About SSH, PuTTY, Samba, VNC4Server and VNC Viewer
SSH, Samba and VNC4Server are pre-installed in RaspEX Build 180331. You need to install PuTTy and and VNC Viewer in your Windows system if you want to connect to RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3/2 from Windows. (Please read the developers information about how to configure PuTTy and VNC Viewer).

The 7″ Touchscreen Monitor for Raspberry Pi
To my great joy also this version of RaspEX work together with the 7″ Touchscreen Monitor for Raspberry Pi “out of the box”. Some fixes to be done:
#####################
Adding a virtual keyboard – Matchbox
Install it with sudo apt-get install matchbox-keyboard
Screenshot
when Matchbox Keyboard is running

How do I enable right click?
Paste in the following lines in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.

Section “InputClass”
Identifier “calibration”
Driver “evdev”
MatchProduct “FT5406 memory based driver”

Option “EmulateThirdButton” “1”
Option “EmulateThirdButtonTimeout” “750”
Option “EmulateThirdButtonMoveThreshold” “30”
EndSection

Rotate the touch screen
Depending on your display stand you might find that the LCD display defaults to being upside-down, you can fix this by rotating it in /boot/config.txt.
Add: lcd_rotate=2

Scrolling with a finger in Firefox and/or Chromium Browser
Can’t be fixed. It is also not working in Raspbian.
#############################

Advanced configuration with raspi-config
Run the command sudo raspi-config and you will get a menu with different configuration alternatives. You can for example expand the filesystem on the SD card. You can also enable an experimental GL driver for the Desktop. Perhaps useful if you have a big screen/monitor. You can also enable overscan. Useful if you use the 7″ touchscreen. See under Advanced Options.

Expand the filesystem on the SD card
If you install many new big programs and/or download large files (for example videos) you may run out of space on the SD card. That is best fixed by running the following command: sudo sh /root/resize_rootfs.sh
NOTE: That’s all you have to do. Just wait for the script to fix everything. If you use a SD card of 64 GB all the space on it will be used afterwards.

Installed packages
Besides from LXDE and OpenCPN a lot of ordinary Debian/Ubuntu packages are pre-installed. I can mention Firefox, Chromium Web Browser, Midori Private Browser, SMTube (YouTube browser which allows to browse, search and play YouTube videos), PulseAudio for better sound in YouTube, Synaptic Package Manager and Gimp. Study the full package list of 180331…

Error no_pubkey when trying to upgrade the system
When you run the command sudo apt-get update it can happen that you can’t update the sources due to missing pub_keys. The solution is to run the following commands.
$ cd /var/lib/apt
$ sudo mv lists lists.old
$ sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
$ sudo apt-get update

After that you can run apt-get update with success even though you still will get the same “no_pubkey” errors.

Why shall I use RaspEX?
Eight Operating Systems are recommended by Raspberrypi.org. Among them Noobs, Raspbian (Debian Stretch) and Snappy Ubuntu Core. RaspEX is faster (“fast as lightning”), more useful and more fun to use. (In my opinion). One member at this site thought that running RaspEX (for Raspberry Pi 2 Model B) was like running Raspberry Pi on “steroids“. RaspEX Build 180328 and 180331 (current with OpenCPN) are of course even faster, especially if you run the systems on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer.

SCREENSHOTS
1. RaspEX version 180331 running OpenCPN as the ordinary user raspex
2. RaspEX version 180331 running OpenCPN as root
3. OpenCPN 4.4.0 running on the 7″ Touchscreen Monitor for Raspberry Pi (old version OpenCPN)
4. OpenCPN 4.4.0 – Boston (old version OpenCPN)
5. OpenCPN World Map (old version of OpenCPN)
6. OpenCPN Florida – Cape Canaveral (old version of OpenCPN)
7. OpenCPN New York – Approaches to New York (old version of OpenCPN)
8. OpenCPN Stockholm Archipelago (old version of OpenCPN)

Compatibility :: November 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181120) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

DOWNLOAD
This build has been replaced by Build 181120.

Raspberry Pi is a trademark of Raspberry Pi Foundation

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Oreo 8.1!

and about my Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Oreo 8.1!

Posted in Exton Linux, Linux, RaspEX | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , | 6 Comments

RaspEX based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS with LXDE and kernel 4.14.30 especially made for the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ ::: Build 180328

NEWS 181010
I’ve made a new extra version of RaspEX with BunsenLabs Helium Desktop. BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktop. The project is a community continuation of CrunchBang Linux. The current release is Helium, derived from Debian 9 (Stretch). READ More…

NEWS 180330 about Firefox and RaspEX
As all of you who have downloaded RaspEX Build 180328 may have noticed YouTube doesn’t work very well in Chromium or Midori. Furthermore the newest versions of Firefox doesn’t work on a Raspberry Pi computer. The solution is to download and install Firefox 52.7.3 ESR. Unzip raspex-firefox.zip and install Firefox ESR with the command sudo dpkg -i libevent-2.1-6_2.1.8-stable-4_armhf.deb firefox-esr_52.7.3esr-1_armhf.deb. After that you can really enjoy YouTube in Firefox/RaspEX! Note: For some unknown reason the sound works better when logged in as root.

NEWS 180328 about RaspEX for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, 3 Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2

I have upgraded the whole system and replaced the old kernel 4.9.41 with kernel 4.14.30-v7+. RaspEX Build 180328 is a Linux ARM system for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, 3 Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2. It is based on Debian 9 Stretch, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and Linaro (Open Source software for ARM SoCs). In this new version (180328) I’ve installed Wicd Network Manager and replaced Firefox with the Chromium Web Browser. I have also installed Samba and VNC4Server so you can connect to your Windows computers in your Home Network and/or control RaspEX on your Raspberry Pi 3 or Pi 2 from your Windows computers with VNC Viewer and/or PuTTY (Telnet and SSH client). Furthermore some extra Network Tools, Midori Private Browser, SMTube (YouTube browser which allows to browse, search and play YouTube videos) and PulseAudio for better sound in YouTube. Study all installed packages in RaspEX Build 180328.

Replacement
This version (180328) replaces version 170810 of RaspEX. Version 170810 can’t run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 2? Raspberry Pi 3 is performing 10 times faster than that of the Pi 1 and around 50 percent better than that of the Pi 2 according to testers.

Raspberry Pi 3 Model 3 B+: How much better is it than the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B? The tiny computer is supposed to be faster and better in every way, including upgraded processor speed, wireless internet, and Ethernet connections.

Compatibility :: October 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181010) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

Softpedia review
RaspEX version 160331 was reviewed by Softpedia 160331.

What is Raspberry Pi?
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
Read more about Raspberry Pi…

RASPBERRY_PI_2-small
The Raspberry Pi 3 model B made in February 2016. It has a 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU and 1GB RAM. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was out on the market March 14, 2018. The Pi 3 Model B+ packs a 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex A53 CPU made by Broadcom, dual-band 802.11ac wireless LAN support, Bluetooth 4.2 connectivity, and Gigabit Ethernet support over USB 2.0 connectivity (that’s up to 300Mbps).

More about RaspEX
RaspEX is a full Linux Desktop system with LXDE (an extremely fast-performing and energy-saving desktop environment) with many other useful programs pre-installed. Chromium is used as Web Browser and Synaptic as Package Manager. You can use Samba and VNC4Server to connect to your Windows computers in your Home Network and/or control RaspEX on your Raspberry Pi 3, Pi 3 Model B+ or Raspberry Pi 2 from your Windows computers with VNC Viewer and/or PuTTY (Telnet and SSH client). You can use Synaptic to install any extra packages you may need. For example LibreOffice. RaspEX uses Ubuntu’s software repositories so you can install thousands of extra packages if you want.

Kernel
Kernel 4.14.30-v7+ is used.

Why shall I use RaspEX?
Eight Operating Systems are recommended by Raspberrypi.org. Among them Noobs, Raspbian (Debian Stretch) and Snappy Ubuntu Core. RaspEX is faster (“fast as lightning”), more useful and more fun to use. (In my opinion). One member at this site thought that running RaspEX (for Raspberry Pi 2 Model B) was like running Raspberry Pi on “steroids“. If you use the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ it will be even faster!

How do I install RaspEX in Windows?

Just like any other Raspberry Pi system. I.e.: Unpack the downloaded ZIP file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-lxde-1480mb-180328.zip) and transfer the IMAGE file (raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-lxde-4400mb-180328.img) to your Micro SD card of at least 8GB. For that you shall use Win32DiskImager in Windows. When running it it will look like this.

How do I install RaspEX in Linux?
You can of course also install RaspEX in any Linux system using the dd command. Just open up at terminal and run the following command (as root):
dd if=raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-lxde-4400mb-180328.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
Note:
Change /dev/sdX to for example /dev/sdc, /dev/sde or…
(Check it carefully before you run the above command so you won’t lose important data).

Different Micro SD Cards
For best performance you should use SD Cards of good quality. I can recommend Samsung MicroSD Pro Plus 32GB Class 10. Write speed up to 95 MB/s. Also Samsung MicroSD EVO 16GB Class 10. Write speed up to 48 MB/s. Price 47 $ respectively 10 $ (in Sweden).

How do I use RaspEX?

When you start up your Raspberry Mini computer with RaspEX you will (after a few seconds) end up in X and LXDE as the ordinary user raspex. The password for raspex is raspex. When logged in as raspex you can use Sudo to become root. Example: sudo su and sudo pcmanfm. The password for root (superuser) is root. You can log out from LXDE and log in again as root (if you want). This is how it looks at SLiM‘s login page.

You can log in as root with password root. You can of course also create a new ordinary user if you want. Command: /usr/sbin/adduser MyNewUser. If you don’t want to be automatically logged in as raspex you shall edit /etc/slim.conf.

When logged in as the ordinary user raspex your Desktop will look like this.


Click to view a larger picture

Error no_pubkey when trying to upgrade the system
When you run the command sudo apt-get update it can happen that you can’t update the sources due to missing pub_keys.
The solution is to run the following commands.
$ cd /var/lib/apt
$ sudo mv lists lists.old
$ sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
$ sudo apt update

After that you can run apt-get update with success even though you still will get the same “no_pubkey” errors. Don’t worry. This error won’t prevent you from upgrading the system regularly with the command sudo apt upgrade.

Wireless connections
The new Raspberry Pi 3 and 3 Model B+ computer has “built in” 802.11n Wireless LAN. Using Raspberry Pi 2 you have to have a Wireless USB Adapter. The only one which works for Raspberry Pi 2 is Edimax EW-7811Un (as far as I know).

Expand the filesystem on the SD card
If you install many new big programs and/or download large files (for example videos) you may run out of space on the SD card. That is best fixed by running the following command: sudo sh /root/resize_rootfs.sh
NOTE: That’s all you have to do. Just wait for the script to fix everything. If you use a SD card of 64 GB all the space on it will be used afterwards.

About SSH, PuTTY, Samba, VNC4Server and VNC Viewer
SSH, Samba and VNC4Server are pre-installed in RaspEX Build 180328. You need to install PuTTy and and VNC Viewer in your Windows system if you want to connect to RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3/2 from Windows the way the below slideshow shows. (Please read the developers information about how to configure PuTTy and VNC Viewer).

Watch this slideshow re. connections between RaspEX and Windows.

Bluetooth connections – working in Build 180328
It seems difficult (maybe impossible) to use the “built in” Bluetooth adapter running RaspEX on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B.
Using a Bluetooth dongle for example Asus USB-BT400 dongle on Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi 2 you should have no trouble using Bluetooth in RaspEX. Watch these two screenshots when Blueman (Graphical Bluetooth Manager) is running. Using the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ it should be easier to use Bluetooth.
1. Showing “paring” with my Android phone
2. Showing the sending process of a file from RaspEX/Raspberry Pi 3 Model B to my Android phone

View all installed packages in RaspEX – Build 180328

SCREENSHOTS

Screenshot 1 – root’s Desktop 180328

Screenshot 2 – raspex’s Desktop 180328

Screenshot 3 – RaspEX connected to Windows via Samba

Screenshot 4 – RaspEX connected to Windows via PuTTy

Screenshot 5 – RaspEX “running on” Windows with VNC-viewer

Screenshot 6 – RaspEX running Midori Private Browser

Screenshot 7 – RaspEX using Pavucontrol (for sound)

Screenshot 8 – RaspEX running SMTube (search and watch YouTube videos)

Screenshot 9 – RaspEX running the Bluetooth Manager

DOWNLOAD – raspex-ubuntu-18.04-LTS-lxde-1480mb-180328.zip from SourceForge.net

md5sum

Read about my Android-x86 Systems – Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow, Lollipop and KitKat at

andex.exton.net – latest is AndEX Oreo 8.1!

and about my Oreo, Nougat, Marshmallow and Lollipop versions for Raspberry Pi 3/2 at
raspex.exton.se – latest is RaspAnd Oreo 8.1!

READ also about my RaspEX Build 180331 (for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, Model B+ and 2 Model B) with OpenCPN pre-installed
OpenCPN is a free software (GPLv2) project to create a concise chart plotter and navigation software, for use underway or as a planning tool. OpenCPN is developed by a team of active sailors using real world conditions for program testing and refinement.

Compatibility :: October 2018
Unfortunately not all systems made for Raspberry Pi 3 and 2 will run on the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ computer. They need to be upgraded with a new kernel. I therefore have to upgrade the systems I distribute. I.e. RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspEX BunsenLabs, RaspAnd Marshmallow, RaspAnd Nougat 7.1.2, RaspAnd Oreo 8.1 and RaspArch. I have until now (181010) upgraded RaspEX, RaspEX with OpenCPN, RaspArch and RaspAnd Oreo 8.1. Read about the new Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+…

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RaspAnd 7.1.2 Build 171220, which can be used with the official Raspberry Pi 7 inch touchscreen and Big TV Screens

NEWS about RaspAnd 7.1.2 Build 171220/171215
Thanks to a member on this site who asked for support for the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen I started to experiment with different configurations. Success! The changes are so good that I’ve decided to uploaded a new version of RaspAnd today. Note: The display size have changed from 1280×720 to 1920×1080, which means that RaspAnd will look better also when using Big TV screens. Screenshot when a Samsung 55 inch TV is used as monitor. In Build 171220 I’ve also included the app Quick Reboot Pro (so you don’t have to use the power switch).

Build 171220 of RaspAnd can be downloaded by those who have purchased Build 171215 (and previous versions of RaspAnd 7.1.2).

SCREENSHOTS
Screenshot 1 – The Desktop when the Raspberry Pi official 7 inch touchscreen is used (RaspAnd Build 171220)
Screenshot 2 – Running YouTube in the Jelly Browser when the touchscreen is used (RaspAnd Build 171220)
Screenshot 3 – The Desktop when a Samsung 55″ TV is used as monitor (RaspAnd Build 171220)

READ MORE…

Posted in Android, Exton Linux, Linux, RaspAnd | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , | 15 Comments